振動電機故(gu)障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)就是(shi)其(qi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)或(huo)配(pei)(pei)合(he)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)出現(xian)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)，而產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表現(xian)形(xing)(xing)式可(ke)歸納(na)為(wei)：零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作(zuo)(zuo)性能(neng)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)；連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)配(pei)(pei)合(he)性質破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)；零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相互位置關(guan)系(xi)(xi)破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)；機(ji)構工作(zuo)(zuo)協(xie)調性破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)；使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)維護不(bu)(bu)當人為(wei)性破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)。(1)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工作(zuo)(zuo)性能(neng)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)1)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)物(wu)理或(huo)化(hua)學(xue)性能(neng)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)而喪失使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)價值：①部分零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)相對運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)尺(chi)寸、幾何(he)形(xing)(xing)狀變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)，如(ru)(ru)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)小，孔磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)大(da)(da)；曲(qu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)成(cheng)錐度橢圓(yuan)；氣缸(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)損(sun)(sun)(sun)成(cheng)上大(da)(da)下(xia)小；②一些(xie)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)交變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)載荷(he)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)下(xia)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)疲(pi)勞(lao)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)，如(ru)(ru)輪(lun)(lun)齒表面(mian)(mian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)麻點，滾珠表面(mian)(mian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)剝落，螺(luo)旋彈(dan)簧、軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)類(lei)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)疲(pi)勞(lao)斷裂；③橡(xiang)膠、塑料類(lei)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)受光受熱(re)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)老化(hua)、脆化(hua)，如(ru)(ru)橡(xiang)膠水管(guan)、油封、密封膠圈(quan)、膜片、電(dian)器(qi)元件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等；④一些(xie)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)，受高溫(wen)或(huo)摩擦發熱(re)造(zao)成(cheng)熱(re)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)，如(ru)(ru)氣缸(gang)(gang)(gang)墊被燒穿；⑤有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)受力作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，如(ru)(ru)連(lian)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)彎曲(qu)，氣缸(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋(gai)平面(mian)(mian)翹曲(qu)等；⑥還有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)長期受化(hua)學(xue)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)腐蝕損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)，如(ru)(ru)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)壁、軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)瓦、氣門(men)與(yu)座(zuo)受酸性物(wu)質腐蝕，使(shi)(shi)(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)形(xing)(xing)狀、質量改變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)。2)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)未用(yong)(yong)前本身就存在(zai)(zai)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)：如(ru)(ru)霉件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)材(cai)料不(bu)(bu)合(he)格、強度不(bu)(bu)夠、制造(zao)加(jia)工有(you)(you)(you)缺(que)(que)(que)陷(xian)(xian)、運(yun)輸保管(guan)不(bu)(bu)當；還有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為(wei)殘(can)次品，目(mu)前配(pei)(pei)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)市(shi)場上出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)偽(wei)劣(lie)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，以(yi)假充真(zhen)，以(yi)舊充新，以(yi)次充好，沒(mei)有(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)文(wen)標識的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況。(2)連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)配(pei)(pei)合(he)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)(pei)合(he)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)破(po)(po)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)是(shi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)振動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)機(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普遍形(xing)(xing)式，其(qi)連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)有(you)(you)(you)以(yi)下(xia)幾種：1)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)配(pei)(pei)合(he)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：如(ru)(ru)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承與(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)(da)、活塞(sai)與(yu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)套(tao)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)(da)、氣門(men)導管(guan)與(yu)氣門(men)閥桿(gan)(gan)(gan)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)(da)等。 2)過(guo)渡(du)配(pei)(pei)合(he)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)如(ru)(ru)滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承外圈(quan)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)體座(zuo)孔松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、滾動(dong)(dong)(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)承內(nei)圈(quan)與(yu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)頸(jing)松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)、活塞(sai)銷(xiao)與(yu)活塞(sai)座(zuo)孔松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等。 3)過(guo)盈配(pei)(pei)合(he)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：如(ru)(ru)氣門(men)座(zuo)圈(quan)與(yu)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋(gai)座(zuo)孔配(pei)(pei)合(he)松(song)脫。 4)螺(luo)紋連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：由于振動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，緊固(gu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)會產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)或(huo)松(song)脫，如(ru)(ru)飛輪(lun)(lun)、連(lian)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)、氣缸(gang)(gang)(gang)蓋(gai)等螺(luo)母(mu)或(huo)螺(luo)栓松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)等。 5)鍵(jian)槽連(lian)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：如(ru)(ru)正時齒輪(lun)(lun)及(ji)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)鍵(jian)槽配(pei)(pei)合(he)處松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)后，使(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)旋轉運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)就不(bu)(bu)能(neng)同(tong)步。 6)插銷(xiao)連(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：如(ru)(ru)轉子式機(ji)油泵(beng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)轉子與(yu)泵(beng)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)連(lian)接的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)柱(zhu)銷(xiao)脫落或(huo)斷裂。 7)鉚(liu)接件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)(sun)(sun)壞(huai)(huai)(huai)：如(ru)(ru)調速(su)器(qi)調速(su)滑(hua)盤(pan)(pan)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滑(hua)套(tao)與(yu)滑(hua)盤(pan)(pan)鉚(liu)接處松(song)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。

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